Problem #PRU-66048

Problems Probability and statistics Probability theory Discrete distribution Algebra and arithmetic Sequences Progressions Geometric progression Algebra Mean values

Problem

At the Antarctic station, there are \(n\) polar explorers, all of different ages. With the probability \(p\) between each two polar explorers, friendly relations are established, regardless of other sympathies or antipathies. When the winter season ends and it’s time to go home, in each pair of friends the senior gives the younger friend some advice. Find the mathematical expectation of the number of those who did not receive any advice.