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This academic year Harry decided not only to attend Maths Circles, but also to join his local Chess Club. Harry’s chess set was very old and some pieces were missing so he ordered a new one. When it arrived, he found out to his surprise that the set consisted of 32 knights of different colours. He was a bit upset but he decided to spend some time on solving the problem he heard on the last Saturday’s Maths Circle session. The task was to find out if it is possible to put more than 30 knights on a chessboard in such a way that they do not attack each other. Do you think it is possible or not?

After listening to Harry’s complaints the delivery service promised him to deliver a very expensive chess set together with some books on chess strategies and puzzles. This week one of the tasks was to put 14 bishops on a chessboard so that they do not attack each other. Harry solved this problem and smiled hoping he is not getting 32 identical bishops this time. Can you solve it?

On the way back from his weekly maths circle Harry created the following puzzle:

Put 48 rooks on a \(10\times10\) board so that each rook attacks only 2 or 4 empty cells.

When he showed this problem to the teachers next Saturday they were very impressed and decided to include it in the next problem set. Try to find a suitable placement of rooks.

A boy is playing on a \(4\times10\) board. He is trying to put 8 bishops on the board so that each cell is attacked by one of the bishops. Finally he manages to solve this problem.

(a) Can you show a possible solution?

(b) Can you do the same thing with 7 bishops?

More problems about chessboard and chess pieces:

(a) Can it be true that there are only 8 knights on a \(4\times12\) board and each empty cell is attacked by at least one of the knights?

(b) Put some number of knights on a chessboard in such a way that each knight attacks exactly three other knights.

This academic year Harry decided not only to attend Maths Circles, but also to join his local Chess Club. Harry’s chess set was very old and some pieces were missing, so he ordered a new one. When it arrived, he found out to his surprise that the set consisted of 32 knights of different colours. He was a bit upset but he decided to spend some time on solving the problem he heard on the last Saturday’s Maths Circle session. The task was to find out if it is possible to put more than 30 knights on a chessboard in such a way that they cannot attack each other. Do you think it is possible or not?

There are 36 checkers on a \(6\times6\) board (one checker per one cell). They are numbered from 1 to 36. You need to rearrange the checkers so that the ones with numbers which differ by 1 are neighbours (their cells share an edge) and additionally all square numbers have to correspond to the checkers of one (a) horizontal line; (b) of the diagonals. Is it possible or not?

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A young mathematician had quite an odd dream last night. In his dream he was a knight on a \(4\times4\) board. Moreover, he was moving like a knight moves on the usual chessboard. In the morning he could not remember what was actually happening in his dream, though the young mathematician is pretty sure that either

(a) he has passed exactly once through all the cells of the board except for the one at the bottom leftmost corner, or

(b) he has passed exactly once through all the cells of the board.

For each possibility examine if it could happen or not.

What is the smallest number of cells that can be chosen on a \(15\times15\) board so that a mouse positioned on any cell on the board touches at least two marked cells? (The mouse also touches the cell on which it stands.)

What is the largest number of horses that can be placed on an \(8\times8\) chessboard so that no horse touches more than seven of the others?