Problems

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Found: 9

Is there a sequence of natural numbers in which every natural number occurs exactly once, and for any \(k = 1, 2, 3, \dots\) the sum of the first \(k\) terms of the sequence is divisible by \(k\)?

Which term in the expansion \((1 + \sqrt 3)^{100}\) will be the largest by the Newton binomial formula?

An iterative polyline serves as a geometric interpretation of the iteration process. To construct it, on the \(Oxy\) plane, the graph of the function \(f (x)\) is drawn and the bisector of the coordinate angle is drawn, as is the straight line \(y = x\). Then on the graph of the function the points \[A_0 (x_0, f (x_0)), A_1 (x_1, f (x_1)), \dots, A_n (x_n, f (x_n)), \dots\] are noted and on the bisector of the coordinate angle – the points \[B_0 (x_0, x_0), B_1 (x_1, x_1), \dots , B_n (x_n, x_n), \dots.\] The polygonal line \(B_0A_0B_1A_1 \dots B_nA_n \dots\) is called iterative.

Construct an iterative polyline from the following information:

a) \(f (x) = 1 + x/2\), \(x_0 = 0\), \(x_0 = 8\);

b) \(f (x) = 1/x\), \(x_0 = 2\);

c) \(f (x) = 2x - 1\), \(x_0 = 0\), \(x_0 = 1{,}125\);

d) \(f (x) = - 3x/2 + 6\), \(x_0 = 5/2\);

e) \(f (x) = x^2 + 3x - 3\), \(x_0 = 1\), \(x_0 = 0{,}99\), \(x_0 = 1{,}01\);

f) \(f (x) = \sqrt{1 + x}\), \(x_0 = 0\), \(x_0 = 8\);

g) \(f (x) = x^3/3 - 5x^2/x + 25x/6 + 3\), \(x_0 = 3\).

Author: I.I. Bogdanov

Peter wants to write down all of the possible sequences of 100 natural numbers, in each of which there is at least one 3, and any two neighbouring terms differ by no more than 1. How many sequences will he have to write out?

Author: I.I. Bogdanov

Peter wants to write down all of the possible sequences of 100 natural numbers, in each of which there is at least one 4 or 5, and any two neighbouring terms differ by no more than 2. How many sequences will he have to write out?

Author: G. Zhukov

The square trinomial \(f (x) = ax^2 + bx + c\) that does not have roots is such that the coefficient \(b\) is rational, and among the numbers \(c\) and \(f (c)\) there is exactly one irrational.

Can the discriminant of the trinomial \(f (x)\) be rational?

At what value of \(k\) is the quantity \(A_k = (19^k + 66^k)/k!\) at its maximum? You are given a number \(x\) that is greater than 1. Is the following inequality necessarily fulfilled \(\lfloor \sqrt{\!\sqrt{x}}\rfloor = \lfloor \sqrt{\!\sqrt{x}}\rfloor\)?