Authors: B.R. Frenkin, T.V. Kazitcina
On the tree sat 100 parrots of three kinds: green, yellow, multi-coloured. A crow flew past and croaked: “Among you, there are more green parrots than multi-coloured ones!” – “Yes!” – agreed 50 parrots, and the others shouted “No!”. Glad to the dialogue, the crow again croaked: “Among you, there are more multi-coloured parrots than yellow ones!” Again, half of the parrots shouted “Yes!”, and the rest – “No!”. The green parrots both told the truth, the yellow ones lied both times, and each of the multi-coloured ones lied once, and once told the truth. Could there be more yellow than green parrots?
Author: E.V. Bakaev
From the beginning of the academic year, Andrew wrote down his marks for mathematics. When he received another evaluation (2, 3, 4 or 5), he called it unexpected, if before that time this mark was met less often than each of the other possible marks. (For example, if he had received the following marks: 3, 4, 2, 5, 5, 5, 2, 3, 4, 3 from the beginning of the year, the first five and the second four would have been unexpected). For the whole academic year, Andrew received 40 marks - 10 fives, fours, threes and twos (it is not known in which order). Is it possible to say exactly how many marks were unexpected?
In a line 40 signs are written out: 20 crosses and 20 zeros. In one move, you can swap any two adjacent signs. What is the least number of moves in which it is guaranteed that you can ensure that some 20 consecutive signs are crosses?
The numerical function \(f\) is such that for any \(x\) and \(y\) the equality \(f (x + y) = f (x) + f (y) + 80xy\) holds. Find \(f(1)\) if \(f(0.25) = 2\).
To a certain number, we add the sum of its digits and the answer we get is 2014. Give an example of such a number.
Author: E.V. Bakaev
After a hockey match Anthony said that he scored 3 goals, and Ilya only one. Ilya said that he scored 4 goals, and Serge scored 5 goals. Serge said that he scored 6 goals, and Anthony only two. Could it be that the three of them scored 10 goals, if it is known that each of them once told the truth, and once lied?
Find all of the solutions of the puzzle: \(ARKA + RKA + KA + A = 2014\). (Different letters correspond to different numbers, and the same letters correspond to the same numbers.)
Valentina added a number (not equal to 0) taken to the power of four and the same number to the power two and reported the result to Peter. Can Peter determine the unique number that Valentina chose?
There are scales and 100 coins, among which several (more than 0 but less than 99) are fake. All of the counterfeit coins weigh the same and all of the real ones also weigh the same, while the counterfeit coin is lighter than the real one. You can do weighings on the scales by paying with one of the coins (whether real or fake) before weighing. Prove that it is possible with a guarantee to find a real coin.
Author: I.S. Rubanov
On the table, there are 7 cards with numbers from 0 to 6. Two take turns in taking one card. The winner is the one is the first person who can, from his cards, make up a natural number that is divisible by 17. Who will win in a regular game the person who goes first or second?