Problems

\(CD\) is a chord of a circle with centre \(A\). The line \(CD\) is parallel to the tangent to the circle at the point \(B\). Prove that the triangle \(BCD\) is isosceles.

Four lines, intersecting at the point \(D\), are tangent to two circles with a common center \(A\) at the points \(C,F\) and \(B,E\). Prove that there exists a circle passing through all the points \(A,B,C,D,E,F\).

A circle with center \(A\) is inscribed into the triangle \(CDE\), so that all the sides of the triangle are tangent to the circle. We know the lengths of the segments \(ED=c, CD=a, EC=b\). The line \(CD\) is tangent to the circle at the point \(B\) - find the lengths of segments \(BD\) and \(BC\).

A circle with center \(A\) is tangent to all the sides of the quadrilateral \(FGHI\) at the points \(B,C,D,E\). Prove that \(FG+HI = GH+FI\).

Is it true that if \(a\) is a positive number, then \(a^2 \ge a\)? What about \(a^2 +1 \ge a\)?

The numbers \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\) are positive. By completing the square, show that \[\frac{a^2}4 + b^2 + c^2 \ge ab-ac+2bc.\]

Let \(m\) and \(n\) be natural numbers such that \(m>n\). Show that: \[\frac1{n^2} + \frac1{(n+1)^2} + \frac1{(n+2)^2} + \dots + \frac1{m^2} > \frac1{n} - \frac1{m}.\]

The numbers \(a,b,c\) are positive. Show that: \[\frac{ab}{c} + \frac{bc}{a} + \frac{ac}{b} \ge a +b+c.\]

Cut a \(7\times 7\) square into \(9\) rectangles, out of which you can construct any rectangle whose sidelengths are less than \(7\). Show how to construct the rectangles.

There are \(16\) cities in the kingdom. Prove that it is possible to build a system of roads in such a way that one can get from any city to any other without passing through more than one city on the way, and with at most five roads coming out of each city.