Problems

Age
Difficulty
Found: 845

Prove that \(|x|\ge x\). It may be helpful to compare each of \(|3|\), \(|-4.3|\) and \(|0|\) with \(3\), \(-4.3\) and \(0\) respectively.

Let \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\) be the three side lengths of a triangle. Does there exist a triangle with side lengths \(a+1\), \(b+1\) and \(c+1\)? Does it depend on what \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\) are?

There is a triangle with side lengths \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\). Can you form a triangle with side lengths \(\frac{a}{b}\), \(\frac{b}{c}\) and \(\frac{c}{a}\)? Does it depend on what \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\) are? Give a proof if it is always possible or never possible. Otherwise, construct examples to show the dependence on \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\).
Recall that a triangle can be drawn with side lengths \(x\), \(y\) and \(z\) if and only if \(x+y>z\), \(y+z>x\) and \(z+x>y\).

There is a triangle with side lengths \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\). Does there exist a triangle with side lengths \(|a-b|\), \(|b-c|\) and \(|c-a|\)? Does it depend on what \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\) are?
Recall that a triangle can be formed with side lengths \(x\), \(y\) and \(z\) if and only if all the inequalities \(x+y>z\), \(y+z>x\) and \(z+x>y\) hold.

There is a triangle with side lenghts \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\). Does there exist a triangle with sides of lengths \(a^2+bc\), \(b^2+ca\) and \(c^2+ab\)? Does it depend on the values of \(a\), \(b\) and \(c\)?

Prove that the set of all finite subsets of natural numbers \(\mathbb{N}\) is countable. Then prove that the set of all subsets of natural numbers is not countable.

Imagine you see a really huge party bus pulling out, an infinite bus with no seats. Instead everyone on board is identified by their unique name, which is an infinite sequence of \(0\)s and \(1\)s. The bus has every person named with every possible infinite sequence of \(0\)s and \(1\)s, someone is named \(00010000..00...\), someone else \(0101010101...\), and so on. Prove that this time you will not be able to accommodate all the new guests no matter how hard you try.

Prove the triangle inequality: in any triangle \(ABC\) the side \(AB < AC+ BC\).

In certain kingdom there are a lot of cities, it is known that all the distances between the cities are distinct. One morning one plane flew out of each city to the nearest city. Could it happen that in one city landed more than \(5\) planes?

Could you meet a person inhabiting this planet who asks you “Am I a Goop?"