Two circles intersect at points \(A\) and \(B\). Point \(X\) lies on the line \(AB\), but not on the segment \(AB\). Prove that the lengths of all of the tangents drawn from \(X\) to the circles are equal.
Let \(a\) and \(b\) be the lengths of the sides of a right-angled triangle and \(c\) the length of its hypotenuse. Prove that:
a) The radius of the inscribed circle of the triangle is \((a + b - c)/2\);
b) The radius of the circle that is tangent to the hypotenuse and the extensions of the sides of the triangle, is equal to \((a + b + c)/2\).
Two circles touch at a point \(A\). A common (outer) tangent touching the circles at points \(C\) and \(B\) is drawn. Prove that \(\angle CAB = 90^{\circ}\).
Two circles \(S_1\) and \(S_2\) with centers \(O_1\) and \(O_2\) touch at the point \(A\). A straight line intersects \(S_1\) at \(A_1\) and \(S_2\) at the point \(A_2\). Prove that \(O_1A_1 \parallel O_2A_2\).
From a point \(A\) the tangents \(AB\) and \(AC\) are drawn to a circle with center \(O\). Prove that if from the point \(M\) the segment \(AO\) is visible at an angle of \(90^{\circ}\), then the segments \(OB\) and \(OC\) are also visible from it at equal angles.
Two circles have radii \(R_1\) and \(R_2\), and the distance between their centers is \(d\). Prove that these circles are orthogonal if and only if \(d^2 = R_1^2 + R_2^2\).
Let \(E\) and \(F\) be the midpoints of the sides \(BC\) and \(AD\) of the parallelogram \(ABCD\). Find the area of the quadrilateral formed by the lines \(AE, ED, BF\) and \(FC\), if it is known that the area \(ABCD\) is equal to \(S\).
A polygon is drawn around a circle of radius \(r\). Prove that its area is equal to \(pr\), where \(p\) is the semiperimeter of the polygon.
The point \(E\) is located inside the parallelogram \(ABCD\). Prove that \(S_{ABE} + S_{CDE} = S_{BCE} + S_{ADE}\).
Let \(G,F,H\) and \(I\) be the midpoints of the sides \(CD, DA, AB, BC\) of the square \(ABCD\), whose area is equal to \(S\). Find the area of the quadrilateral formed by the straight lines \(BG,DH,AF,CE\).